Multiply by one-digit numbers

Key notes:

✨ Key Points:

Multiplication means repeated addition.

• Example: 6×3=6+6+6=18

One-digit number multiplication means multiplying a large number by a single-digit number (1–9).

• Example: 234×62

Multiply each digit of the number by the one-digit number, starting from the ones place.

Regroup (carry over) if the product is more than 9.

Write the final product after completing all place values.

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🔹 Steps to Multiply by a One-Digit Number:

• Write the numbers in column form.
• Start from the rightmost digit (ones).
• Multiply and write the result. If greater than 9, carry over.
• Continue with tens, hundreds, and so on.
• Add the carried numbers.

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🔢 Examples:

Example 1:

Multiply 325×4325 \times 4325×4

      325
   ×     4
   --------
     1300

Explanation:

• 5×4=20 → write 0, carry 2
• 2×4=8+2=10 → write 0, carry 1
• 3×4=12+1=13 → write 13
  Answer = 1300

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Example 2:

Multiply 478×6478 \times 6478×6

      478
   ×     6
   --------
     2868

Explanation:

• 8×6=488 → write 8, carry 4
• 7×6=42+4=46 → write 6, carry 4
• 4×6=24+4=28 → write 28
  Answer = 2868

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⭐ Special Cases:

• Multiplying by 1: The number remains the same.
  • 456×1=456
• Multiplying by 0: The answer is always zero.
  • 789×0=0

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✍️ Practice Questions:

1. 245×3=?
2. 632×7=?
3. 510×9=?
4. 864×2=?
5. 999×5=?

Learn with an example

Let’s practice!