Multiply 2-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers

Key notes :

✨ Key Points

• When multiplying 2-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers, we use the long multiplication method (column method).
• Multiply step by step, starting from the ones place.
• Multiplication means repeated addition.
• Always remember to add the carry-over.
• Place a zero in the second row when multiplying by the tens digit.
• Finally, add the two results to get the product.

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📝 Steps to Multiply (Example: 34 × 12)

1. Write the numbers in column form:

     34
  ×  12
  -----

2. Multiply the ones digit of the bottom number (2) by each digit of the top number (34):

     34
  ×  12
  -----
     68   ← (34 × 2)

3. Multiply the tens digit of the bottom number (1, which is 10) by each digit of the top number (34).
   Remember to put one zero at the end:

     34
  ×  12
  -----
     68
+   340   ← (34 × 10)

4. Add the two results:

     68
+   340
  -----
    408

👉 Therefore, 34 × 12 = 408

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✅ More Examples

• 23 × 15 = 345
• 46 × 32 = 1,472
• 58 × 47 = 2,726

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🔑 Important Tips

• Always align numbers correctly (ones under ones, tens under tens).
• Double-check multiplication facts.
• Don’t forget the zero when multiplying by tens.

Learn with an example

Let’s practice!