Fractions review

key notes :

What is a Fraction?

  • A fraction shows part of a whole.
  • Example: 🍎🍎🍏🍏 → 2/4 apples are red.
  • Numerator (top number) → parts we have.
  • Denominator (bottom number) → total equal parts.

Types of Fractions

  • Proper Fraction: numerator < denominator ✅ (3/4)
  • Improper Fraction: numerator ≥ denominator ❌ (5/4)
  • Mixed Number: whole number + proper fraction (1 1/4)
  • Equivalent Fractions: same value, different look (1/2 = 2/4 = 4/8) 🔄

Comparing Fractions

  • Make denominators the same to compare 🟰
  • Bigger numerator → bigger fraction (if denominator same) ⬆️

Adding & Subtracting Fractions ➕➖

  • Same denominator: add/subtract numerators (3/8 + 2/8 = 5/8)
  • Different denominator: find LCM first (1/4 + 1/6 → 3/12 + 2/12 = 5/12)

Multiplying Fractions ✖️

  • Multiply numerator × numerator & denominator × denominator
  • Example: 2/3 × 3/4 = 6/12 = 1/2 ✅

Dividing Fractions ➗

  • Flip the second fraction (reciprocal) and multiply
  • Example: 2/3 ÷ 4/5 = 2/3 × 5/4 = 10/12 = 5/6 🔄

Simplifying Fractions 🧹

  • Divide numerator and denominator by their GCD
  • Example: 8/12 → divide both by 4 → 2/3

Fractions to Decimals & Percentages 💯

  • Divide numerator ÷ denominator → decimal
  • Decimal × 100 → percentage
  • Example: 3/4 = 0.75 = 75%

Fun Fraction Facts 🎉

  • 1/2 + 1/4 = 3/4 🍰
  • Fractions are everywhere: pizza, money, time, recipes 🕒🍕💰

Learn with an example

What fraction of the shapes are circles or triangles?

Use a forward slash ( / ) to separate the numerator and denominator. ________

Count the number of shapes. There are 12 in total.

Count the number of circles. 3 of the shapes are circles.

Count the number of triangles. 2 of the shapes are triangles.

5 out of 12 shapes are either circles or triangles. Write 5 out of 12 as a fraction:

5/12

What fraction of the shapes are hexagons?

Count the number of shapes. There are 11 in total.

Count the number of hexagons. 4 of the shapes are hexagons.

4 out of 11 shapes are hexagons. Write 4 out of 11 as a fraction:

4/11

What fraction of the shapes are stars or squares?

Count the number of shapes. There are 8 in total.

Count the number of stars. 2 of the shapes are stars.

Count the number of squares. 3 of the shapes are squares.

5 out of 8 shapes are either stars or squares. Write 5 out of 8 as a fraction:

5/8

Let’s practice!