Add, subtract, multiply and divide whole numbers

Key points :-

➕ Addition (Adding Whole Numbers)

💡 Putting numbers together to find the total.

  • Line up digits using place value (ones, tens, hundreds). 🔢
  • Start adding from the right side (ones place). 👉
  • Carry over (regroup) when the sum is 10 or more. 🔄
  • Check your answer using estimation. 🎯

➖ Subtraction (Subtract Whole Numbers)

💡 Taking away one number from another.

  • Line up digits correctly. 📏
  • Start subtracting from right to left. 👉
  • If the top digit is smaller, borrow from the next place value. 🔁
  • Use addition to check the subtraction answer. ✔️

✖️ Multiplication (Multiply Whole Numbers)

💡 Repeated addition or groups of equal size.

  • Remember multiplication facts (tables). 🧠
  • Multiply ones first, then tens, hundreds. 🔢
  • If the product is more than 9, carry over. ➡️
  • For larger numbers, use the long multiplication method. 📚
  • Multiplication increases the number (most of the time). ⬆️

➗ Division (Divide Whole Numbers)

💡 Splitting a number into equal parts.

  • Use long division steps:
    👉 Divide
    👉 Multiply
    👉 Subtract
    👉 Bring down
  • If the number doesn’t divide evenly, you get a remainder. 🔄
  • Division reduces the number (usually). ⬇️
  • Use multiplication to check your answer. ✔️

🎯 Important Math Vocabulary

  • Sum ➕ = Answer to addition
  • Difference ➖ = Answer to subtraction
  • Product ✖️ = Answer to multiplication
  • Quotient ➗ = Answer to division
  • Remainder = What is left after dividing

🌈 Tips to Remember

✨ Double-check your work.
✨ Practice place value before solving.
✨ Use mental math and estimation.
✨ Write numbers neatly in columns.

Learn with an example

🎯 Subtract.

  • Subtract the ones. You need to carry over first. Subtract 12–4.
  • Subtract the tens. You need to carry over first. Subtract 10–4.
  • Subtract the hundreds. You need to carry over first. Subtract 11–3.
  • Subtract the thousands. Subtract 2–1.
  • The difference is 1,868.

👉 Divide:

  • The first digit is equal to 5. Start with the first digit. Divide the thousands.
  • Bring down the hundreds. Divide the hundreds.
  • Bring down the tens. Divide the tens.
  • Bring down the ones. Divide the ones.
  • Write the answer:

👉 Multiply.

8,633 x 6 =_______

  • Multiply the ones. Remember to carry over.
  • Multiply the tens. Multiply 3 times 6, then add 1. Remember to carry over.
  • Multiply the hundreds. Multiply 6 times 6, then add 1. Remember to carry over.
  • Multiply the thousands. Multiply 8 times 6, then add 3.
  • The product is 51,798.

Let’s practice!🖊️