Joints

Key Notes:

Definition of Joints:

• Joints are places in the body where two or more bones meet. They allow for movement and provide support.

Types of Joints:

Fixed Joints (Immovable Joints): These joints do not allow any movement. Example: Skull bones.

Movable Joints: These joints allow bones to move freely in different directions. There are several types:

• Hinge Joint: Allows movement in one direction, like a door hinge. Example: Elbow, knee.
• Ball-and-Socket Joint: Allows movement in all directions. Example: Shoulder, hip.
• Pivot Joint: Allows rotational movement. Example: Neck.
• Gliding Joint: Bones slide past each other. Example: Wrists, ankles.

Importance of Joints:

• Joints help in performing various activities like walking, running, bending, and holding objects.
• Without joints, bones would not be able to move or function properly.

Cartilage:

• Joints are cushioned by cartilage, a smooth, flexible tissue that reduces friction and absorbs shock during movement.

Ligaments:

• Ligaments are strong, elastic tissues that connect bones at the joints and provide stability.

Synovial Fluid:

• Movable joints contain synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint and helps in smooth movement of bones.

Health of Joints:

• Proper nutrition, regular exercise, and maintaining a healthy weight are important for keeping joints strong and flexible.
• Conditions like arthritis can affect joints, causing pain and limiting movement.

Let’s practice!