Wealth From Rocks

Key Notes:

Definition of Rocks and Minerals:

• Rocks: Natural substances composed of one or more minerals.

• Minerals: Solid, inorganic substances with a specific chemical composition and structure.

Types of Rocks:

• Igneous Rocks: Formed from cooled magma or lava (e.g., granite, basalt).

• Sedimentary Rocks: Formed from sediment (e.g., sandstone, limestone).

• Metamorphic Rocks: Formed from existing rocks that have been transformed by heat and pressure (e.g., marble, slate).

Uses of Rocks and Minerals:

• Building Materials: Many rocks, like granite and limestone, are used in construction.
• Energy Resources: Coal and oil shale are used to produce energy.
• Jewelry and Decoration: Precious stones like diamonds, rubies, and emeralds are used in jewelry.
• Industrial Uses: Minerals such as talc and gypsum are used in various industrial processes.

Mining:

• Definition: The process of extracting rocks and minerals from the earth.
• Types of Mining: Surface mining (e.g., open-pit mining) and underground mining.

Economic Importance:

• Value: Many rocks and minerals have high economic value and are crucial for many industries.
• Jobs: Mining and processing rocks and minerals provide jobs and contribute to the economy.

Conservation and Environmental Impact:

• Environmental Impact: Mining can lead to habitat destruction and pollution.
• Conservation: Efforts are made to reduce the impact of mining and ensure sustainable practices.

Examples of Valuable Rocks and Minerals:

• Gold: Used in jewelry and electronics.

• Copper: Used in electrical wiring.

• Salt: Used in food and industrial processes.